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Saami is a group of languages used by people mainly in northern Europe. The countries where it is spoken include northwestern Russia, Sweden, Finland and Norway. Contrary to what is believed that Sami is a single language, the truth is that Sami is a group of languages though closely related. Sami languages are divided into two groups, the western and the eastern. However there is existence of sharp language boundaries and neighbors maybe totally oblivious of the other language and can only learn it from experience or long time interaction. The number of ethnic Saami is probably just around 100,000.
| Dialect | Region |
| Saami, Lule | Along Lule River. Also in Norway and Sweden |
| Saami, North | Spoken in Sweden |
| Saami, Pite | Spoken along Pite River |
| Saami, South | Spoken in Lapland, also in Sweden and Norway |
| Saami, Ume | Spoken along Ume river |
Country: Sweden
Capital: Stockholm
Population: 9 600 000
Constitutional Parliamentary Republic: Prime Minister Fredrick Reinfeldt
Currency: Swedish Krona (SEK, KR)
GDP (ppp): $385.1 b
Unemployment: 8.0%
Government Type: Constitutional Monarchy
Industries: Telecommunications equipment, wood pulp and paper products, motor vehicles, pharmaceutical products, iron and steel.
Country: Norway
Capital: Oslo
Population: 5 077 000
Constitutional Parliamentary Republic: Prime Minister Erna Solberg
Currency: Norwegian Kroner (NOK, KR)
GDP (ppp): $498.8 B
Unemployment: 3.2%
Government Type: Constitutional Monarchy
Industries: Petroleum and Natural gas, wood pulp and paper industries, ship building, food processing, metals, chemicals, timber, mining, textile and fishing.
Country: Finland
Capital: Helsinki
Population: 5 454 000
Constitutional Parliamentary Republic: President Sauli Niinisto
Currency: Euro (€)
GDP (ppp): $247.2 B
Unemployment: 8.4%
Government Type: Constitutional Republic
Industries: Metals and metal products, Electronics, machinery and scientific instruments, ship building, pulp and paper, foodstuffs, chemicals, textile and clothing.
Country: Russia
Capital: Moscow
Population: 138 082 000
Constitutional Parliamentary Republic: President Vladmir Putin
Currency: Russian Rubble (RUR)
GDP (ppp): $2.380 Trillion
Unemployment: 6.6%
Government Type: Constitutional Republic
Industries: Mining and extractive producing coal, oil, gas, chemical and metals, All forms of machine building, defense industries, Ship building, rail and road transport equipment, agricultural machinery, electric power generating and transmitting equipment, medical and scientific equipment, consumer durables, textiles, foodstuff and handicrafts.
Though the genetic origin of the Saami people is complex, they have been linked to have originated from the Finns. The languages they use help them to be singled out among their Indo-European neighbors. They are historically linked to each other by the Finno-Ugric language which is common between them.
Though heavily debated the Saami are alleged to have occupied the region first followed by their counterparts afterwards. The history dates back to the Viking Age where the Saami are said to have settled mainly along the rivers in the regions where they are found. The strong distinctiveness between the two languages is associated with the time that has elapsed since the two diverged. It is said to have occurred around 23, 000 BP and then reunited around 8500 AP. After they diverged the laws of heredity took place and each adapted and evolved in its own way. This is what happened to the Finns as they interacted more with the European inhabitants and so more resembled them.
Nowadays much effort has been put to get to the history of this dialect and with every day new evidence and theories are being erected often negating the ones previously put in place.
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